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Related Concept Videos

The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...
The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...

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Related Experiment Video

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

Geometric control of the cell cycle.

Sophie G Martin1

  • 1Center for Integrative Genomics, Department of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Sophie.Martin@unil.ch

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|October 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Cells use geometry sensing to control cell cycle progression. Fission yeast employ a Cdr2 sensor and Pom1 gradient to link cell length perception with entry into mitosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cells must accurately regulate cell cycle progression based on internal and external cues.
  • Cell size and shape are critical parameters that influence cell division and proliferation.
  • Understanding how cells perceive their own morphology is fundamental to cell biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the geometry-sensing mechanism in fission yeast that couples cell length to mitosis entry.
  • To compare the cell morphology perception strategies across different organisms, including budding yeast and metazoan cells.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the role of the Cdr2 sensor and Pom1 protein gradient in fission yeast.
  • Examined cell cycle regulation in response to cell shape and size.

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Measuring Cell Cycle Progression Kinetics with Metabolic Labeling and Flow Cytometry

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  • Compared findings with known mechanisms in budding yeast and metazoan cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Fission yeast utilize a novel geometry-sensing mechanism involving the medial sensor Cdr2 and the tip-localized Pom1 gradient.
    • This mechanism directly links the perception of cell length to the control of entry into mitosis.
    • Similar sensing mechanisms are observed in budding yeast and metazoan cells, highlighting conserved principles.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell morphology is a key regulator of cell cycle progression across diverse organisms.
    • Fission yeast provide a model system for understanding how cells sense and respond to their own geometry.
    • These findings advance our understanding of cell cycle control and morphogenesis.