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X rays from microstructured targets heated by femtosecond lasers.

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    |October 22, 2009
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    Summary

    Researchers achieved a 100-fold increase in X-ray generation efficiency using microstructured surfaces with ultrashort-pulse lasers. This breakthrough enhances the production of kilo-electron-volt X-rays for various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Plasma Physics
    • X-ray Generation
    • Laser-Matter Interaction

    Background:

    • Efficient conversion of laser energy to X-rays is crucial for scientific research and applications.
    • Traditional methods using flat targets have limitations in X-ray yield.
    • Microstructured surfaces offer potential for enhanced laser-plasma interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate efficient conversion of ultrashort-pulse laser energy to X-rays above 1 keV.
    • To investigate the effectiveness of various microstructured surfaces for X-ray generation.
    • To compare the X-ray yield from microstructured targets with conventional flat targets.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of laser-produced plasmas on microstructured surfaces using ultrashort laser pulses.
    • Utilized lithographically produced grating targets, porous gold, and porous aluminum targets.
    • Characterization of emitted X-ray energies and spectra.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved X-ray energies above 1 keV.
    • Lithographic grating targets produced 0.1 mJ of kilo-electron-volt X-rays.
    • Porous gold and aluminum targets emitted 1 mJ of X-rays, a 100-fold improvement over flat targets.
    • The K-shell emission spectrum of porous aluminum was dominated by heliumlike spectral lines.

    Conclusions:

    • Microstructured surfaces significantly enhance the efficiency of ultrashort-pulse laser energy conversion to X-rays.
    • Porous metallic targets demonstrate superior performance for generating high-energy X-rays.
    • The findings pave the way for more efficient X-ray sources for scientific and technological applications.