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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

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Echo Particle Image Velocimetry
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Photon-echo interferometry.

A M Bacon, H Z Zhao, P J Laverty

    Optics Letters
    |October 22, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Temporal interference of photon echoes in simple atoms suppresses echo intensity by 10,000 times. This technique offers a sensitive method for probing phase perturbations in atomic transitions.

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    Published on: September 5, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Atomic physics
    • Quantum optics

    Background:

    • Photon echoes are coherent optical transients.
    • Understanding interactions in simple atomic systems is fundamental.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate temporal interference between photon echoes.
    • To develop a sensitive probe for phase perturbations in atomic transitions.

    Main Methods:

    • Generating and analyzing photon echoes from adjacent atomic transitions.
    • Utilizing temporal interference to modulate echo intensity.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated significant temporal interference between photon echoes.
    • Achieved echo intensity suppression by a factor of 10^4.
    • Observed differential phase effects on adjacent transition dipole moments.

    Conclusions:

    • Temporal interference provides a robust method for studying atomic transition properties.
    • The technique is highly sensitive to phase perturbations affecting dipole moments.