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Related Experiment Videos

Tumor necrosis factor and severe malaria.

N Shaffer1, G E Grau, K Hedberg

  • 1Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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High tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) levels are linked to severe malaria manifestations in children, including hyperparasitemia and anemia. These elevated TNF alpha levels are not specific to cerebral malaria.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major cause of childhood illness and mortality.
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in malaria pathogenesis.
  • The specific role of TNF alpha in different malaria clinical presentations requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma TNF alpha concentrations and Plasmodium falciparum infection in Zairian children.
  • To determine if TNF alpha levels correlate with specific clinical manifestations of severe malaria.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma TNF alpha concentrations were measured in children with severe malaria, mild malaria, and other illnesses.
  • Parasite density, clinical signs (anemia, hypoglycemia, cerebral malaria), and outcomes were recorded.

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  • Statistical analyses, including multiple linear regression, were used to assess associations.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with P. falciparum infection had significantly higher plasma TNF alpha levels than aparasitemic children.
    • TNF alpha levels decreased significantly in parasitemic children from day 0 to day 7.
    • Elevated TNF alpha was independently associated with hyperparasitemia and severe anemia, and increased with parasite density.
    • TNF alpha levels were similarly elevated in children with cerebral malaria and other severe malaria signs, but not specifically linked to fatal outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • High plasma TNF alpha levels are associated with several severe malaria manifestations in children, including hyperparasitemia and severe anemia.
    • TNF alpha elevation is not specific to cerebral malaria and is not directly correlated with fatal outcomes in this cohort.
    • These findings highlight the complex role of TNF alpha in P. falciparum infection severity.