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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

Ovine models for chronic heart failure.

Jef H Geens1, Sander Trenson, Filip R Rega

  • 1Dept. of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Jef.Geens@med.kuleuven.be

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|October 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Several ovine models for chronic heart failure (CHF) exist, utilizing methods like pacing, cardiotoxic drugs, ischemia, and pressure/volume overload. The best model depends on the specific research question for surgical therapy optimization.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
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Published on: February 17, 2018

Chronic Ovine Model of Right Ventricular Failure and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
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Published on: March 17, 2023

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
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Published on: February 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Surgical Therapy Development
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Chronic heart failure (CHF) research necessitates reliable large animal models for testing surgical therapies.
  • Sheep are a preferred species due to their manageable size and docile nature.
  • Existing literature provides a foundation for ovine model development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and categorize existing ovine models of chronic heart failure (CHF).
  • To assess the suitability of different ovine models for specific research applications in surgical therapy.
  • To guide researchers in selecting the most appropriate ovine CHF model.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search using terms "sheep" and "heart failure".
  • Analysis of secondary references for ovine CHF models.
  • Categorization of models based on induction methods and relevance to human pathology.

Main Results:

  • Ovine models include rapid ventricular pacing (tachycardia-induced, reversible), cardiotoxic drug induction, and ischemia-based methods (microembolization, occlusion, ischemia/reperfusion).
  • Pressure overload (aortic/pulmonary artery banding) and volume overload (valve damage, shunts) models are also available.
  • Specific models mimic conditions like diabetic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, and valve stenosis.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple ovine models for chronic heart failure (CHF) are established.
  • Each model presents distinct cardiac pathologies, influencing their applicability.
  • Model selection must align with the specific experimental objectives and the targeted aspect of CHF.