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Related Concept Videos

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
10:59

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors

Published on: February 10, 2014

Enzyme-linked oxygen sensing by potassium channels.

Paul J Kemp1, Vsevolod Telezhkin, William J Wilkinson

  • 1School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. kemp@cf.ac.uk

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|October 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Ion channels sense oxygen levels through enzyme-linked pathways, with hemeoxygenase-2 specifically regulating potassium channels during hypoxia. This highlights crucial enzyme-dependent mechanisms in cellular oxygen sensing.

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Making, Testing, and Using Potassium Ion Selective Microelectrodes in Tissue Slices of Adult Brain
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Making, Testing, and Using Potassium Ion Selective Microelectrodes in Tissue Slices of Adult Brain

Published on: May 7, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
10:59

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors

Published on: February 10, 2014

Making, Testing, and Using Potassium Ion Selective Microelectrodes in Tissue Slices of Adult Brain
11:20

Making, Testing, and Using Potassium Ion Selective Microelectrodes in Tissue Slices of Adult Brain

Published on: May 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ion channels are crucial for cellular function and respond to oxygen changes.
  • Hypoxia (low oxygen) triggers widespread ion channel modulation.
  • Enzyme-linked processes are integral to oxygen sensing by ion channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review proposed enzyme-linked oxygen sensing mechanisms in ion channels.
  • To present new insights into hemeoxygenase-2's role in oxygen sensitivity.
  • To explore how specific enzymes confer oxygen responsiveness to ion channels.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of proposed oxygen-sensing enzymes.
  • Analysis of enzyme-dependent modulation of ion channels.
  • Focus on hemeoxygenase-2's interaction with potassium channels.

Main Results:

  • Several enzyme systems (NADPH oxidase, hemeoxygenase, AMP kinase, src-Lck) are implicated in ion channel oxygen sensing.
  • Hypoxia consistently inhibits ion channel activity via these pathways.
  • Hemeoxygenase-2 confers oxygen sensitivity to large conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels.

Conclusions:

  • Enzyme-linked mechanisms are central to how ion channels detect and respond to oxygen.
  • Hemeoxygenase-2 is a key enzyme mediating oxygen sensitivity in specific potassium channels.
  • Understanding these pathways is vital for cellular oxygen homeostasis.