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Global Climate Change01:50

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Fa&#231;ade-Level Monitoring of CO2 Variability under Urban Heat Island Conditions using Low-Cost Sensor Data Loggers
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Greenhouse gas emissions from global cities.

Christopher Kennedy1, Julia Steinberger, Barrie Gasson

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 1A4, Canada. christopher.kennedy@utoronto.ca

Environmental Science & Technology
|October 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Cities

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Area of Science:

  • Urban studies
  • Environmental science
  • Climate change

Background:

  • Over 50% of the global population resides in urban areas.
  • Cities are significant contributors to national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
  • Many cities are actively pursuing emission reduction strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors driving variations in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions among global cities.
  • To understand how geophysical and technical elements influence urban GHG footprints.
  • To identify key drivers for intercity learning in emission reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of GHG emissions across a diverse range of global cities.
  • Assessment of geophysical factors: climate, resource access, and gateway status.
  • Evaluation of technical factors: power generation, urban design, and waste management.

Main Results:

  • A combination of geophysical and technical factors determines city-specific GHG emissions.
  • Variations in public transit availability and personal income correlate with emission differences.
  • Upstream emissions can increase a city's total GHG footprint by up to 25%.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay of geophysical and technical factors is crucial for effective urban emission reduction.
  • City-specific strategies should consider factors like public transit and income levels.
  • Incorporating upstream emissions provides a more accurate assessment of urban climate impact.