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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Effect of Male Accessory Gland Products on Egg Laying in Gastropod Molluscs

Effect of Male Accessory Gland Products on Egg Laying in Gastropod Molluscs

Published on: June 22, 2014

The physiological roles of the boar ejaculate.

H Rodríguez-Martínez¹, U Kvist, F Saravia

¹Division of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, POB 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. heriberto.rodriguez@kv.slu.se

Society of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement

|October 24, 2009

Summary

Boar ejaculates sperm in fractions, with the first fraction (P1) better surviving artificial insemination processing due to less damaging seminal plasma. This understanding can improve boar semen handling and cryopreservation.

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Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

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Published on: November 18, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Effect of Male Accessory Gland Products on Egg Laying in Gastropod Molluscs

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Published on: June 22, 2014

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2017

Area of Science:

Animal Science
Reproductive Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Boar ejaculation involves sequential exposure of sperm to different seminal plasma (SP) fractions.
Seminal plasma composition varies significantly between the sperm-rich fraction (SRF) and post-SRF fractions.
Understanding these variations is crucial for optimizing boar artificial insemination (AI) and semen processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the in vivo relevance of unevenly composed seminal plasma fractions on sperm transport and function in boars.
To explore how this knowledge can benefit boar semen processing for AI and biotechnologies.
To highlight the unique properties of the first ejaculated sperm cohort (P1).

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on boar seminal plasma composition and sperm function.
Analysis of the sequential exposure of spermatozoa to different SP fractions during ejaculation.
Extrapolation of in vivo findings to in vitro semen processing techniques.

Main Results:

The first ejaculated sperm cohort (P1) is exposed to less destabilizing SP components (e.g., lower bicarbonate, zinc, fructose) compared to later fractions.
P1 spermatozoa exhibit superior resilience to in vitro procedures, including cryopreservation, due to less membrane and chromatin destabilization.
P1 spermatozoa are suggested to act as a vanguard cohort, potentially influencing sperm transport and uterine immune response.

Conclusions:

The specific composition of SP fractions encountered by P1 spermatozoa contributes to their enhanced survival and function.
Knowledge of SP fraction dynamics can inform improved protocols for boar semen processing, AI, and cryopreservation.
Understanding SP's role in immune modulation of the female reproductive tract is key for reproductive success.