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Related Concept Videos

Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...

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White-opaque switching in Candida albicans.

Matthew B Lohse1, Alexander D Johnson

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Current Opinion in Microbiology
|October 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Candida albicans yeast switches between white and opaque cell types, impacting host interactions and biofilm formation. Environmental cues regulate this heritable epigenetic switch, crucial for fungal adaptation.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Candida albicans, a human commensal yeast, exhibits phenotypic plasticity.
  • This yeast exists as two distinct, heritable cell types: white and opaque.
  • These cell types differ significantly in morphology, metabolism, mating, host niche preference, and immune system interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the white-opaque epigenetic switch in Candida albicans.
  • To explore the regulatory mechanisms, environmental influences, and functional implications of this cellular plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on Candida albicans white-opaque switching.
  • Analysis of studies detailing transcriptional circuits, environmental signaling, and phenotypic differences.

Main Results:

  • The transcriptional circuit governing white-opaque switching has been elucidated.
  • Environmental signals influencing switching rates have been identified.
  • New differences between white and opaque cells, including roles in biofilm formation, have been discovered.

Conclusions:

  • White-opaque switching is a key epigenetic mechanism in Candida albicans.
  • Environmental cues dynamically regulate this switch, influencing fungal behavior and host interactions.
  • Understanding this switch is vital for comprehending Candida albicans pathogenesis and evolution.