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Total cholesterol and LDL levels decrease before rheumatoid arthritis.

Elena Myasoedova1, Cynthia S Crowson, Hilal Maradit Kremers

  • 1Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|October 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lipid profiles, including total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, significantly decreased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients before diagnosis compared to controls. These changes in RA patients suggest factors beyond lipid-lowering medication influence their lipid levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding lipid profile changes in RA patients before disease onset is crucial for early risk assessment and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare lipid profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and non-RA subjects over a 10-year period, focusing on the 5 years preceding and following the RA incidence date.
  • To identify trends in total cholesterol (TC), LDL, triglycerides (TGs), and HDL cholesterol in RA patients relative to a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based incident cohort study design was employed, including RA patients diagnosed between 1988 and 2008 and matched non-RA subjects.
  • Random-effects models were utilized to analyze trends in lipid profiles, adjusting for age, sex, and calendar year, and accounting for repeated measurements per subject.

Main Results:

  • Patients with RA exhibited significant decreases in TC and LDL cholesterol in the 5 years before RA diagnosis compared to non-RA subjects (p<0.001).
  • While TC and LDL levels declined, trends for TGs and HDL cholesterol were similar between RA and non-RA cohorts.
  • The proportion of RA patients with abnormal TC or LDL measures decreased significantly pre-diagnosis, independent of lipid-lowering drug use, which was less frequent in RA patients.

Conclusions:

  • Significant reductions in TC and LDL levels, along with a decreased prevalence of abnormal TC/LDL, were observed in RA patients during the 5 years preceding their diagnosis.
  • The observed lipid profile trends in RA patients are unlikely to be solely attributable to lipid-lowering treatments, suggesting other underlying mechanisms.