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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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An old doctor grows older.

Howard Spiro1

  • 1Yale Medical School, Yale University, USA. howard.spiro@yale.edu

Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
|October 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Aging is a natural life stage, not a disease. Society should support the elderly

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Social Medicine
  • Societal Attitudes Towards Aging

Background:

  • Aging is a natural life process, comparable to childhood, not a disease.
  • Societal structures and attitudes often neglect the contributions and needs of the elderly population.
  • Ageism is prevalent in medical training and societal perceptions, impacting care and integration of older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for societal support systems that accommodate the natural decline associated with aging.
  • To challenge arbitrary retirement policies that exclude active elderly individuals from the workforce.
  • To highlight the potential contributions of healthy, active older adults to society, particularly in assisting caregivers.

Main Methods:

  • This is a perspective piece, not based on empirical data collection.

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  • The author draws on personal experience as a physician and an elderly individual.
  • The study relies on critical reflection of societal norms and ageism.
  • Main Results:

    • Aging should be viewed as a normal life stage, necessitating societal adaptation and support.
    • Current retirement practices are arbitrary and lead to the underutilization of elderly individuals' skills and experience.
    • Active and healthy older adults can provide valuable assistance, especially to overburdened caregivers.

    Conclusions:

    • Society should shift focus from postponing death to supporting the aging process and the elderly.
    • Combating ageism in medical education and society is crucial for better integration and care of older adults.
    • The elderly, recognizing their growing numbers and capabilities, should actively engage in civic duties and intergenerational support.