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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Ending Relationships01:28

Ending Relationships

The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert Ellis's...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Overcoming Unresponsiveness in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Resistant Mouse Strains by Adoptive Transfer and Antigenic Challenge
08:38

Overcoming Unresponsiveness in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Resistant Mouse Strains by Adoptive Transfer and Antigenic Challenge

Published on: April 9, 2012

Overcoming Chronic Rejection-Can it B?

Jean Kwun1, Stuart J Knechtle

  • 1Department of Surgery, Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Transplantation
|October 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic rejection remains a challenge in organ transplantation, despite current therapies. Targeting B-cell alloantibody production offers a promising strategy to improve long-term graft survival and tolerance.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Overcoming Unresponsiveness in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Resistant Mouse Strains by Adoptive Transfer and Antigenic Challenge
08:38

Overcoming Unresponsiveness in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Resistant Mouse Strains by Adoptive Transfer and Antigenic Challenge

Published on: April 9, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Current immunosuppressive drugs effectively reduce acute rejection but fail to prevent chronic rejection in organ transplantation.
  • Chronic rejection significantly impedes long-term graft survival and the development of immune tolerance.
  • B-cell-produced alloantibodies are increasingly recognized as key contributors to chronic rejection pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of B cells and their alloantibodies in chronic allograft rejection.
  • To review the origins and diagnostic approaches for B-cell-mediated allograft injury.
  • To explore the potential of targeting B-cell effector functions in conjunction with existing immunosuppression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on B-cell biology in transplantation.
  • Discussion of animal models used to study B-cell-mediated rejection.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods for detecting alloantibodies.
  • Evaluation of available B-cell-targeting reagents.

Main Results:

  • Alloantibody production by B cells is a significant factor in chronic rejection.
  • Current therapies primarily target T cells, leaving B-cell effector functions unaddressed.
  • Various B-cell reagents and diagnostic tools exist for potential therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions:

  • B-cell-mediated alloantibody production is a critical target for overcoming chronic rejection.
  • Combination therapies involving B-cell-directed approaches and current immunosuppression may enhance graft survival.
  • Further research and clinical application of B-cell reagents are warranted to improve transplant outcomes.