Perceptions of risk for foot problems and foot care practices of patients on hemodialysis

Patients with end stage renal disease are recognized as being prone to foot problems; however, less is known about this issue from the patient's perspective. This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of risk for foot problems and foot care practices of patients on hemodialysis. A purposive sample of 9 men and women from a large university-affiliated hospital center in Quebec, Canada, was used. Three major themes emerged from the semi-structured interviews: 1) Foot problems are not a serious complication, 2) I am protected from developing foot problems, and 3) Taking care of my feet. Patients, including those currently suffering from a foot problem, lacked knowledge of their actual risk for foot problems. All participants engaged in some form of foot care, such as the use of a foot bath and regular moisturizing. Several individuals described behaviors that could compromise foot health. Findings suggest that it is worthwhile for nurses to elicit patients' actual foot care practices to validate those that are appropriate and to address those that are unsafe.