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The first-trimester screen in clinical practice.

Siri Knutsen-Larson1, Jason D Flanagan, Peter Van Eerden

  • 1Sanford School of Medicine, The University o South Dakota, USA.

South Dakota Medicine : the Journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association
|October 28, 2009
PubMed
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The first-trimester screen assesses fetal risk for Trisomy 21 and 18 using nuchal translucency and serum markers. This vital screening aids in early detection, management planning, and reducing maternal anxiety.

Area of Science:

  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Prenatal Diagnostics

Background:

  • First-trimester screening is crucial for identifying fetal aneuploidies like Trisomy 21 and 18.
  • Beyond common trisomies, it can indicate risks for other fetal conditions and maternal complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the performance, management of abnormal findings, risk factors, and detection rates of the first-trimester screen.
  • To clarify the purpose of screening, emphasizing informed decision-making over automatic termination.

Main Methods:

  • Combines nuchal translucency measurement with serum levels of PAPP-A and beta-hCG.
  • Performed between 11 and 13 weeks of gestational age.

Main Results:

  • Calculates risk for fetal Trisomy 21 and 18.

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  • Identifies increased risk for other fetal conditions and maternal complications.
  • Facilitates informed maternal decision-making and reduces anxiety.

    • Conclusions:

    • The first-trimester screen is recommended for all pregnant women by ACOG.
    • It provides valuable information for early management and preparation for diverse outcomes.
    • The screening process supports maternal well-being and informed reproductive choices.