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Investigating the Effect of Different Types of Exercise on Upper Limb Functional Recovery in Patients with Right Hemisphere Damage Based on fNIRS
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Mirrors and resistance exercise, do they influence affective responses?

Elizabeth A Chmelo1, Eric E Hall, Paul C Miller

  • 1Elon University, Elon, North Carolina 27244, USA.

Journal of Health Psychology
|October 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Resistance exercise enhances mood and energy levels, regardless of whether mirrors are used. This study found no significant difference in affective responses when exercising with or without mirrors.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Science
  • Sport Psychology
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • Affective responses are crucial in understanding exercise adherence.
  • Mirrored environments are common in fitness settings, potentially influencing psychological states.
  • Previous research on exercise and affect has not extensively explored the role of mirrors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a mirrored environment on affective responses during and after resistance exercise.
  • To determine if visual feedback from mirrors alters mood and activation levels during physical activity.
  • To explore potential differences in exercise affect based on the presence or absence of mirrors.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-two females participated in three sessions, including an intensity determination session.
  • Participants completed eight resistance exercises in two conditions: with mirrors and without mirrors.
  • Affect was measured using standardized scales at multiple time points: pre-exercise, during, immediately post-exercise, and 15 minutes post-exercise.

Main Results:

  • Affective states, including pleasantness and activation, improved during and following resistance exercise in both conditions.
  • No statistically significant differences in affective responses were observed between the mirrored and non-mirrored conditions.
  • Participants' engagement with mirrors may have prioritized technique assessment over self-evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Resistance exercise positively influences affect, enhancing mood and activation.
  • The presence of mirrors does not appear to significantly alter affective responses during or after resistance exercise in this cohort.
  • Future research could explore how different instructions or participant goals might influence the use of mirrors and subsequent affective outcomes.