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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...

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Operating Transverse Aortic Constriction with Absorbable Suture to Obtain Transient Myocardial Hypertrophy
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Age-associated changes in cardiac gene expression after preconditioning.

Lixin Liu1, Jiang Zhu, Peter S A Glass

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York 11794, USA. lixliu@notes.cc.sunysb.edu

Anesthesiology
|October 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging diminishes the cardiac protective effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and anesthetic preconditioning (APC). Gene expression changes in older hearts were minimal, explaining the reduced benefit of IPC in senescent myocardium.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cardiac protection from ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and anesthetic preconditioning (APC) is reduced in aging hearts.
  • Senescent myocardium exhibits diminished responses to preconditioning interventions.
  • Age-related modulation of gene expression by IPC and APC is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-dependent differences in gene expression following IPC and APC in vivo.
  • To identify specific transcriptional pathways affected by preconditioning in young versus old rats.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying reduced cardiac protection in the senescent myocardium.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression profiling using Affymetrix RAT EXON ST 1.0 gene chips.
  • Comparison of transcriptional responses in young (3-5 months) and old (20-24 months) Fisher 344 male rats.
  • Analysis of sham control, IPC, and APC groups, with subsequent RNA and protein extraction from heart tissue.

Main Results:

  • IPC induced 31 transcript changes in young rats, including regulators of transcription, inflammation, remodeling, apoptosis, and cell cycle.
  • In contrast, IPC in old rats resulted in only one transcript increase (Atf3).
  • Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) did not induce any detectable gene expression changes in either young or old rats.

Conclusions:

  • Early-phase IPC and APC elicit distinct genomic responses.
  • The lack of gene expression changes with APC suggests posttranscriptional or posttranslational regulation.
  • The blunted genomic response in senescent hearts, particularly with IPC, may explain the failure to provide cardiac protection in older animals.