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Related Concept Videos

Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Pole and System Stability01:24

Pole and System Stability

The transfer function is a fundamental concept representing the ratio of two polynomials. The numerator and denominator encapsulate the system's dynamics. The zeros and poles of this transfer function are critical in determining the system's behavior and stability.
Simple poles are unique roots of the denominator polynomial. Each simple pole corresponds to a distinct solution to the system's characteristic equation, typically resulting in exponential decay terms in the system's response.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
14:18

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

Published on: February 28, 2016

Polarization modulation instability in weakly birefringent fibers.

S G Murdoch, R Leonhardt, J D Harvey

    Optics Letters
    |October 28, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Modulation instability was observed in optical fibers with normal dispersion. The generated sidebands had orthogonal polarization to the pump and controlled frequency shifts, matching theoretical predictions.

    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear optics
    • Optical fiber communications

    Background:

    • Modulation instability (MI) is a phenomenon in nonlinear optics.
    • Cross-phase-modulation instability (XMI) has been observed previously in the visible spectrum.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate modulation instability in a weakly birefringent optical fiber within the normal dispersion regime.
    • To analyze the polarization characteristics and frequency control of generated sidebands.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental observation of modulation instability in a birefringent optical fiber.
    • Varying fiber birefringence to control frequency shifts.

    Main Results:

    • Observed MI generated by coherent interaction of two polarization modes.

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    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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    Published on: September 5, 2019

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    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
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    Published on: February 28, 2016

    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light
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    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

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    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

  • Generated sidebands possessed the same polarization, orthogonal to the pump.
  • Frequency shift of sidebands was controllable by adjusting fiber birefringence.
  • Experimental results align with theoretical predictions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Demonstrated a novel mechanism for generating polarization-controlled sidebands via MI in optical fibers.
    • Highlighted the potential for tunable frequency generation in nonlinear optical systems.