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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

[Allergic reaction during anesthesia: two case reports].

Shinji Okamoto¹, Koichi Futagawa, Junko Sugiura

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Hospital, Kinki University School of Medicine, Ikoma 630-0293.

Masui. the Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology

|October 29, 2009

Summary

Serious allergic reactions during anesthesia are increasing. Anesthesiologists must be vigilant for potential reactions to antibiotics and latex, as seen in two cases of cardiovascular failure successfully treated.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

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Published on: October 14, 2014

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Immunology

Background:

Anesthesia carries inherent risks, including rare but severe allergic reactions.
The incidence of perioperative allergic reactions to common agents like antibiotics and latex is rising.

Observation:

Two patients undergoing surgery experienced severe allergic reactions with cardiovascular failure during sevoflurane anesthesia.
Symptoms included hemodynamic instability, necessitating immediate resuscitation with fluids, adrenaline, and steroids.

Findings:

Both patients exhibited elevated blood histamine and tryptase levels, indicative of anaphylaxis.
The likely triggers were a prophylactic antibiotic in one case and latex in the other.

Implications:

Anesthesiologists must maintain a high index of suspicion for allergic reactions to all perioperative substances.
Awareness and prompt management are crucial for preventing mortality and morbidity from anesthetic-induced anaphylaxis.