Holographic grating formation in dye- and fullerene C(60)-doped nematic liquid-crystal film

Transient and persistent holographic gratings have been observed in dye- and fullerene C(60)-doped nematic liquid-crystal films. The nature and time evolution of the underlying mechanisms, such as space-charge field production, flows, and dielectric- and conductivity-induced torques, and the resultant director axis reorientation and refractive-index gratings are examined.