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Are fast explorers slow reactors? Linking personality type and anti-predator behaviour.

Katherine A Jones1, Jean-Guy J Godin

  • 1Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. kaj@cantab.net

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Fish personality, specifically exploration behavior, influences predator response times. Boldly exploring fish are slower to react to threats, suggesting a trade-off between foraging and predator vigilance.

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Area of Science:

  • Ethology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Predator response delays can be adaptive, balancing starvation and predation risks.
  • In birds, anti-predator behaviors correlate with personality traits like activity and exploration.
  • Understanding these links in other taxa, like fish, is crucial for behavioral ecology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between exploration behavior and predator response latency in juvenile convict cichlids (Amatitlania nigrofasciata).
  • To determine if individual differences in exploration behavior predict reaction times to simulated predator attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Juvenile convict cichlids were exposed to a simulated robotic fish predator attack during foraging.
  • Each fish underwent two repeated trials exploring a novel environment.
  • Exploration behavior and response latency to the predator were measured.

Main Results:

  • A strong positive correlation was found between exploration behavior and predator response latency.
  • Fish exhibiting higher exploration rates in novel environments were slower to respond to the predator model.
  • This suggests a behavioral trade-off between exploring and predator vigilance.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides experimental evidence linking exploration behavior to predator-escape behavior in fish.
  • Individual differences in personality traits, like exploration, influence anti-predator strategies.
  • Behavioral types may differ in how they allocate attention between foraging and vigilance.