Lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ceramic wafer-based electro-optic dynamic diverging lens

We present a lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramic wafer-based electro-optic dynamic diverging lens. A quadratic refractive-index modulation is induced by application of a linearly changing electrical field inside a f lat PLZT wafer. The design offers a simple and compact structure that produces a smooth phase modulation distribution. A fabricated dynamic lens of 2 mm x 2 mm demonstrates a continuous variable focal length from infinity with no applied voltage to negative 0.77 m with a voltage of 400 V.