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A STUDY OF THE NUCLEOSIDE TRI- AND DIPHOSPHATE ACTIVITIES OF RAT LIVER MICROSOMES.

L Ernster1, L C Jones

  • 1Wenner-Gren Institute, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|October 30, 2009
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rat liver microsomes contain enzymes that break down nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. These activities are influenced by various substances and are primarily located in the microsomal membrane fraction.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Rat liver microsomes are known to possess enzymatic activities involved in nucleoside phosphate metabolism.
  • Understanding these enzymatic activities is crucial for comprehending cellular energy regulation and nucleotide salvage pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the nucleoside triphosphatase and diphosphatase activities of rat liver microsomes.
  • To investigate the effects of various inhibitors and detergents on these enzymatic activities.
  • To determine the subcellular localization of these enzymes within the rat liver cell.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme assays were performed on rat liver microsomes to measure triphosphatase and diphosphatase activities.
  • Inhibitor studies were conducted using agents like sodium deoxycholate, sodium azide, and deaminothyroxine.
  • Microsomal subfractionation and differential centrifugation were employed to determine enzyme localization.

Main Results:

  • Rat liver microsomes hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates (ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP, ITP) to diphosphates and nucleoside diphosphates to monophosphates.
  • Enzyme activities were differentially affected by inhibitors and sodium deoxycholate, with membrane fractions showing higher triphosphatase activity.
  • GDPase, UDPase, and IDPase activities were primarily localized in the soluble fraction after deoxycholate treatment and were enhanced by mechanical disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Rat liver microsomes possess distinct nucleoside triphosphatase and diphosphatase activities with specific regulatory properties.
  • The membrane fraction is enriched in triphosphatase activity, while diphosphatase activities are largely recovered in the soluble fraction post-treatment.
  • These findings provide insights into the localization and characteristics of enzymes involved in nucleoside phosphate metabolism in rat liver.