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Related Concept Videos

Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction01:25

Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction

DefinitionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by a triad of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dL), ketonemia or ketonuria, and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH <7.30 and serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L). It results from insulin deficiency combined with elevated levels of counterregulatory hormones—glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone—leading to increased lipolysis, hepatic ketone production, and...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a metabolic emergency characterized by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. It results from severe insulin deficiency and an excess of counterregulatory hormones, leading to uncontrolled lipolysis, ketogenesis, and widespread electrolyte and fluid disturbances.Pathophysiology The central event in DKA is a profound loss of insulin action. Without insulin, glucose uptake in insulin-dependent tissues is impaired, while hepatic glucose production...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice
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GLYCOSURIA IN DIPHTHERIA.

C M Hibbard1, M J Morrissey

  • 1Boston City Hospital.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diphtheria can cause temporary glycosuria (sugar in urine), especially in severe or fatal cases. This condition may also involve albuminuria and can be a temporary side effect of diphtheria antitoxin injections.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection.
  • Glycosuria and albuminuria are potential indicators of systemic disease.
  • The metabolic effects of diphtheria require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of glycosuria in diphtheria patients.
  • To determine the association between glycosuria and disease severity or outcome.
  • To examine the impact of diphtheria antitoxin therapy on urinary glucose levels.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of diphtheria patients.
  • Urinalysis for glucose and albumin detection.
  • Correlation analysis of clinical data with laboratory findings.

Main Results:

  • Transitory glycosuria is frequently observed in diphtheria, particularly in severe and fatal cases.
  • Glycosuria in diphtheria is often accompanied by albuminuria.
  • A slight, temporary glycosuria can occur following diphtheria antitoxin injections.

Conclusions:

  • Glycosuria is a notable, albeit temporary, metabolic complication of diphtheria.
  • The presence of glycosuria may indicate disease severity and a poorer prognosis.
  • Diphtheria antitoxin administration can transiently affect glucose metabolism.