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06:29
Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
Published on: January 29, 2014
IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD GROUPS IN COMPLEMENT FIXATION REACTIONS
1Serological Laboratory of the Army Medical School, Washington.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
Summary
Natural anti-human hemolysin in guinea pig serum affects complement fixation reactions. Human isohemolysins also influence these tests, with variations observed across different human blood groups and sheep cell suspensions.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Serology
- Hematology
Background:
- Natural hemolysins in serum can interfere with serological tests.
- Understanding these natural antibodies is crucial for accurate diagnostic assays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and activity of natural anti-human hemolysin in guinea pig serum.
- To determine the influence of human isohemolysins and natural hemolysins on complement fixation reactions.
- To explore the relationship between human blood groups and natural anti-sheep hemolysin.
Main Methods:
- Demonstration of natural anti-human hemolysin in guinea pig serum using Group I, II, III, and IV human cells.
- Testing human sera against various human cell suspensions with and without absorbed complement.
- Performing complement fixation tests with human sera and cell suspensions.
- Investigating natural anti-sheep hemolysin in human and guinea pig sera against different sheep cell suspensions.
Main Results:
- A natural anti-human hemolysin active against Group I and II cells was found in over 50% of guinea pig sera.
- Human isohemolysins caused varying degrees of hemolysis against Group I, II, and III cells, but not Group IV.
- Complement fixation tests showed significant variations in reactions based on serum and cell group combinations.
- Natural anti-sheep hemolysin activity varied greatly among human sera against different sheep cell suspensions.
- Natural anti-sheep hemolysin was detected in all tested guinea pig sera against one specific sheep cell suspension.
Conclusions:
- Natural anti-human hemolysin in guinea pig complement can impact antihuman complement fixation tests.
- Human isohemolysins play a significant role in complement fixation reactions, leading to variable results.
- The presence and activity of natural hemolysins necessitate careful consideration in serological diagnostics.
- No direct correlation was found between human blood groups and natural anti-sheep hemolysin, but significant inter-individual and inter-sheep variability exists.
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