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A STUDY OF PNEUMOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM HORSES UNDERGOING PNEUMOCOCCUS IMMUNIZATION.

A B Wadsworth1, G M Sickles

  • 1Division of Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pneumococcus bacteria lose virulence and specific traits when multiplying in immunized horses. These changes may be due to immune responses or adaptation to adverse conditions, requiring further study in pneumococcus infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) is a significant human pathogen.
  • Immune responses in animal models are crucial for understanding bacterial attenuation.
  • Changes in bacterial virulence factors impact disease severity and transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the attenuation of pneumococcus in immunized horses.
  • To characterize the alterations in pneumococcus virulence, capsule formation, and type specificity.
  • To explore the role of immune bodies versus environmental factors in bacterial adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of pneumococci from infected immunized horses.
  • Passage of attenuated pneumococci through susceptible animals (mice) to assess recovery of virulence.
  • Comparative analysis of pneumococcal traits under different conditions (in vivo vs. in vitro).

Main Results:

  • Pneumococci isolated from immunized horses showed reduced virulence, capsule formation, phagocytosis susceptibility, and type specificity.
  • Antigenic activity and "soluble specific substance" production were also altered.
  • Some strains regained typical characteristics after mouse passage, while others remained atypical.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial attenuation in immunized hosts involves complex changes in virulence and antigenic properties.
  • The exact mechanisms driving these changes (immune-mediated vs. adaptive) require further investigation.
  • Understanding these alterations is key to developing effective strategies against pneumococcus infections.