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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining
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HERPES ENCEPHALITIS IN CEBUS MONKEYS.

H Zinsser1

  • 1Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Harvard University Medical School, Boston.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herpes virus causes fatal encephalitis in Cebus monkeys, mimicking human acute encephalitis in some resistant individuals. This research highlights herpes virus as a significant cause of encephalitis in non-human primates.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Virology
  • Primate Pathology

Background:

  • Herpes virus infections in Cebus olivaceus monkeys typically result in acute, fatal encephalitis.
  • The pathology and symptoms of this monkey encephalitis closely resemble the acute herpetic disease observed in rabbits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for herpes virus in Cebus monkeys to cause a prolonged form of encephalitis.
  • To determine if this prolonged form of encephalitis in monkeys accurately simulates human acute encephalitis.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental infection of Cebus olivaceus monkeys with herpes virus.
  • Clinical observation of symptoms, disease progression, and pathological examination of affected monkeys.

Main Results:

  • While some monkeys succumbed to acute, fatal encephalitis, more resistant individuals developed a prolonged illness.
  • This prolonged malady, caused by herpes virus, exhibited symptoms, course, and pathological changes highly similar to human acute encephalitis.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes virus can induce a spectrum of encephalitis in Cebus monkeys, ranging from acute fatal disease to a prolonged form.
  • The prolonged herpes virus-induced encephalitis in these monkeys serves as a valuable model for studying human acute encephalitis.