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RABBIT POX : REPORT OF AN EPIDEMIC

P D Rosahn1, C K Hu

  • 1Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Rabbit pox outbreaks reveal transmission via personal carriers during incubation. Recovered rabbits show sustained immunity for 9-12 months, with young from immune mothers exhibiting increased resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • An isolated animal room experienced a rabbit pox epidemic during the winter of 1933-34.
  • The current epidemic shared similarities with a previous pox outbreak in the preceding year.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report observations on a rabbit pox epidemic.
  • To compare clinical and pathological findings with a previous outbreak.
  • To investigate transmission routes and etiological agent relatedness.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of affected rabbits.
  • Pathological examination of tissues.
  • Immunological comparison of etiological agents.
  • Assessment of immunity duration and maternal antibody effects.

Main Results:

  • Clinical signs included generalized papular eruption, blepharitis, ophthalmia, nasal discharge, and lymphadenopathy.
  • Pathological findings showed epidermal vacuolization, necrosis, and vesicle formation, differing from the previous year's dermal-confined pathology.
  • Evidence supported transmission via personal carriers, even before diagnosis, and demonstrated immunological relatedness of the causative agents.
  • Immunity persisted for 9-12 months post-recovery.
  • Offspring of immune does showed greater refractoriness to pox lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Rabbit pox can be transmitted by personal carriers during the incubation period.
  • The etiological agents from both outbreaks were immunologically related, inducing long-lasting immunity.
  • Maternal immunity confers protection to young rabbits against pox lesions.

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