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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Detection of Plasmodium Sporozoites in Anopheles Mosquitoes using an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

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THE AGGLUTINATION OF PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI BY IMMUNE SERUM.

¹Laboratories of the International Health Division, The Rockefeller Foundation, New York.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|October 30, 2009

Summary

Researchers identified specific agglutinins in monkey serum that target Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite. These antibodies appear after infection onset and strengthen as the disease wanes, aiding in understanding malaria immunity.

Area of Science:

* Parasitology and Immunology
* Primate Malaria Research

Background:

* Plasmodium knowlesi is a significant cause of malaria in Southeast Asia.
* Understanding immune responses in animal models is crucial for developing malaria treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

* To describe a specific agglutination reaction for Plasmodium knowlesi.
* To investigate the appearance, persistence, and characteristics of agglutinins in infected monkeys.

Main Methods:

* Macroscopic and microscopic agglutination tests were used to detect antibodies against Plasmodium knowlesi.
* Sera from monkeys with varying Plasmodium knowlesi infection statuses (acute, chronic, superinfected, and uninfected) were analyzed.
* Sera from monkeys infected with Plasmodium inui were also tested for cross-reactivity.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Detection of Plasmodium Sporozoites in Anopheles Mosquitoes using an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

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Published on: September 30, 2021

Measuring Naturally Acquired Phagocytosis-Inducing Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum Parasites by a Flow Cytometry-Based Assay

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High Yield Purification of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoites For Use in Opsonizing Antibody Assays

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Published on: July 17, 2014

Main Results:

* Specific agglutinins for Plasmodium knowlesi were detected in monkey sera 15-45 days post-infection.
* Agglutinin levels increased as malaria infection subsided and persisted for over a year in chronically infected animals.
* Immune serum agglutinated mature, but not immature, intracellular or extracellular Plasmodium knowlesi parasites.

Conclusions:

* The study describes a specific agglutination assay for Plasmodium knowlesi, useful for diagnosing and monitoring malaria in monkeys.
* The findings suggest a role for agglutinins in the immune response to Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in primates.
* Further research into these observations can elucidate mechanisms of active and passive immunity in monkey malaria.