Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a variety of strategies to establish infections, including the secretion of extracellular enzymes that act as potent virulence factors. These enzymes facilitate bacterial colonization of host tissues and help evade immune surveillance. By targeting structural components of host tissues and interfering with immune mechanisms, these enzymes play a pivotal role in disease progression.Extracellular Enzymes Facilitating Tissue Invasion: Several bacterial pathogens secrete...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Effect of probenecid on combined penicillin and triple sulfonamides therapy of experimental streptococcal infections.

Antibiotics & chemotherapy (Northfield, Ill.)·2014

Same author

Laboratory studies of streptogramin.

Antibiotics & chemotherapy (Northfield, Ill.)·2014

Same author

Brucella abortus vaccine (strain 19) desiccated by lyophilization.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2010

Same author

The effect of caronamide upon penicillin therapy of experimental Pneumococcus and typhoid infections in mice.

Journal of bacteriology·2010

Same author

Effect of caronamide upon penicillin therapy of experimental pneumococcus and typhoid infections in mice.

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2010

Same author

A simplified liquid culture medium for the growth of Hemophilus pertussis.

Journal of bacteriology·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

A TYPE-SPECIFIC ANTIGENIC PROTEIN DERIVED FROM THE STAPHYLOCOCCUS.

¹Department of Bacteriology of New York University College of Medicine, New York.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|October 30, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a type-specific protein fraction from Staphylococcus type A. This antigenic protein is distinct from previously known carbohydrates, offering new avenues for bacterial identification and serological studies.

More Related Videos

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)

Published on: November 4, 2016

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)

Published on: November 4, 2016

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Immunology
Biochemistry

Background:

Staphylococci are bacteria with various types, important in clinical settings.
Previous research identified type-specific carbohydrates in staphylococci.
Understanding bacterial antigens is crucial for diagnostics and vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize a type-specific antigenic fraction from Staphylococcus type A.
To determine the nature and specificity of this fraction.
To compare its specificity with known staphylococcal antigens.

Main Methods:

Chemical extraction of lyophilized and ground Staphylococcus type A.
Precipitin tests using homologous and heterologous immune sera.
Analysis of the antigenic fraction's composition.

Main Results:

A protein fraction specific to Staphylococcus type A was successfully extracted.
This protein fraction showed high-zone reactions with homologous immune sera.
Reactions with heterologous staphylococcal sera were observed only in low dilutions.
The type specificity of this protein was independent of the carbohydrate antigen.

Conclusions:

A novel, type-specific protein antigen of Staphylococcus type A has been identified.
This protein antigen is distinct from the previously described type-specific carbohydrate.
The findings contribute to the serological characterization of staphylococci.