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PASSIVE IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN THE CHIMPANZEE
1Poliomyelitis Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
Summary
Chimpanzees exposed to poliovirus showed no paralysis but had virus in stools and nervous system lesions. Hyperimmune serum did not prevent infection but antibodies were detected initially.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Primatology
Background:
- Poliomyelitis is a serious infectious disease.
- Understanding poliovirus transmission and host response is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of hyperimmune monkey serum on poliovirus infection in chimpanzees.
- To determine if immunization affects poliovirus shedding and neurological manifestation.
Main Methods:
- Six chimpanzees were orally inoculated with poliovirus-infected stool.
- Three chimpanzees received homologous, hyperimmune monkey serum before inoculation.
- Control group of three chimpanzees remained unprotected.
Main Results:
- All six chimpanzees shed poliovirus and exhibited central nervous system lesions.
- None of the animals developed paralytic poliomyelitis.
- Immunized animals showed antibodies at inoculation, but only one retained them after 30 days.
Conclusions:
- Hyperimmune serum did not prevent poliovirus infection or shedding in chimpanzees.
- Chimpanzees can harbor poliovirus and develop neurological lesions without clinical paralysis.
- Further research is needed on the efficacy of serum therapy in poliovirus infections.
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