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Related Concept Videos

Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
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A Behavioral Assay to Measure Responsiveness of Zebrafish to Changes in Light Intensities
09:39

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Published on: October 3, 2008

THE FLICKER RESPONSE FUNCTION FOR THE TURTLE PSEUDEMYS.

W J Crozier1, E Wolf, G Zerrahn-Wolf

  • 1Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge.

The Journal of General Physiology
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study on Pseudemys scripta turtles reveals their visual flicker response follows a probability integral, consistent with their rodless, cone-only retinas. Temperature significantly impacts visual excitability, following the Arrhenius equation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • The visual system's response to flicker is crucial for understanding sensory processing.
  • Previous studies often involved animals with both rods and cones, complicating analysis.
  • The Pseudemys scripta turtle, possessing only cones, offers a unique model for studying cone-driven vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the visual flicker response in the turtle Pseudemys scripta.
  • To investigate the relationship between flash frequency, intensity, and response variability.
  • To compare Pseudemys scripta's visual properties with species possessing both rods and cones.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring mean critical intensity and variation for visual motor response to flicker.
  • Analyzing data using probability integrals and comparing with existing models.
  • Investigating the effect of temperature on visual excitability and flicker response curves.

Main Results:

  • The mean critical intensity for visual flicker response follows a probability integral as a function of flash frequency.
  • Variability in critical intensity is directly proportional to the mean critical intensity.
  • Temperature shifts the flicker response curve without altering its shape, with excitability following the Arrhenius equation.
  • The findings are consistent with a single population of sensory effects due to the absence of rods.

Conclusions:

  • The Pseudemys scripta's visual flicker response is well-described by a probability integral, supporting a cone-only visual system model.
  • Individual variations in response are attributed to organic variation rather than experimental error.
  • Temperature plays a significant role in visual excitability, governed by underlying catalyzed processes.