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Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Carboxylic Acids: Overview01:31

Preparation of Carboxylic Acids: Overview

There are various methods for the preparation of carboxylic acids. For example, oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes using strong oxidizing agents results in a carboxylic acid. Aldehydes can also be oxidized in the presence of mild oxidizing agents.
Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids01:15

Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids

Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones results in the formation of carboxylic acids. Aldehydes, bearing hydrogen next to the carbonyl group, are easily oxidized compared to ketones. This is because an aldehydic proton can easily be abstracted during oxidation.
Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation in strong oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate and chromic acid. The oxidation can also be carried out using mild oxidizing agents such as silver oxide. In fact, aldehydes can be easily oxidized...
Oxidation of Alcohols02:37

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In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
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Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview01:19

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Phase I biotransformation, or functionalization, is a crucial chemical process that converts drugs and other xenobiotics into more water-soluble forms, facilitating expulsion from the body. It involves oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic reactions that add or unveil polar functional groups on lipophilic substrates. Key players in phase I reactions are the mixed-function oxidases. Situated in liver cell microsomes, these enzymes predominantly carry out drug metabolism. They require molecular...
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
11:56

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells

Published on: April 11, 2014

THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY PURIFIED ASCORBIC ACID OXIDASE.

W H Powers1, S Lewis, C R Dawson

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York.

The Journal of General Physiology
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method yields highly purified ascorbic acid oxidase with enhanced copper content and activity. This preparation demonstrates superior stability and higher measured activity compared to previous standards.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Ascorbic acid oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme crucial in biological systems.
  • Previous purification methods resulted in preparations with lower copper content and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for preparing highly purified ascorbic acid oxidase.
  • To characterize the activity and stability of the purified enzyme.
  • To compare the new preparation with existing standards.

Main Methods:

  • Purification of ascorbic acid oxidase to achieve 0.24% copper content.
  • Activity measurements using comparable units and techniques.
  • Stability studies involving dialysis and dilution with inert protein (gelatin).
  • Investigation of pH and substrate concentration effects.

Main Results:

  • The purified ascorbic acid oxidase exhibited approximately 1.5 times higher activity per unit weight than previous preparations.
  • Oxidase activity was directly proportional to copper content.
  • Concentrated solutions required stabilization with sodium phosphate to prevent protein precipitation.
  • Dilution with gelatin significantly enhanced measured activity by preventing irreversible inactivation.

Conclusions:

  • A superior method for purifying ascorbic acid oxidase has been established.
  • The enhanced copper content directly correlates with increased enzyme activity.
  • Stabilization techniques are crucial for accurate activity measurements and maintaining enzyme integrity.