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Epithelial conduction in hydromedusae.

G O Mackie¹, L M Passano

¹Department of Zoology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and the Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.

The Journal of General Physiology

|October 30, 2009

Summary

Hydromedusae possess nonnervous conducting epithelia that transmit electrical signals independently of the nervous system. These epithelial conduction systems interact with the nervous system but generate spontaneous activity separately.

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Area of Science:

* Marine Biology
* Neurobiology
* Electrophysiology

Background:

* Electrophysiological studies on hydromedusae (Sarsia, Euphysa) reveal nonnervous conducting epithelia.
* These tissues exhibit properties similar to those previously observed in siphonophores.
* Understanding epithelial conduction is crucial for comprehending primitive nervous system function.

Purpose of the Study:

* To investigate the electrophysiological properties of nonnervous conducting epithelia in hydromedusae.
* To characterize the nature of electrical signal propagation within these epithelial tissues.
* To explore the interaction between nervous and nonnervous conduction systems.

Main Methods:

* Electrophysiological recordings using suction electrodes.
* Application of electrical stimuli to induce and measure epithelial responses.
* Pharmacological manipulation (e.g., Mg(++) concentration) to differentiate nervous and nonnervous activity.

Main Results:

* Nonmuscular epithelia exhibit all-or-none, nondecremental, unpolarized electrical signal propagation.
* Conduction velocities range from 15-35 cm/sec with biphasic pulses (0.75-2.0 mv, 5-15 msec).
* Myoepithelium shows composite events (2.0-4.0 mv, 150-300 msec) linked to muscle contraction.

Conclusions:

* Nonnervous epithelia in hydromedusae function as independent conduction systems.
* These systems can be excited by and can excite the nervous system, but spontaneous activity originates neurally.
* Epithelial conduction is distinct from nervous conduction, as evidenced by differential responses to Mg(++).