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Identification of coliform genera recovered from water using different technologies.

C R Fricker1, B J Eldred

  • 1Analytical Services Inc., Williston, VT, USA. colinfricker@aol.com

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Both lactose fermentation and beta-d-galactosidase methods detect a wide range of coliforms in water. Differences in detected genera exist, but no clear pattern emerged, with both methods recovering novel coliforms.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Water quality analysis
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Traditional coliform detection methods rely on lactose fermentation.
  • Newer methods utilize the detection of beta-d-galactosidase activity.
  • Recent years have seen a shift towards beta-d-galactosidase-based methods for coliform detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the range of coliform genera detected by lactose fermentation methods.
  • To compare these with coliform genera detected by beta-d-galactosidase methods.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different coliform detection strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Coliform isolates were obtained from sewage-polluted water.
  • Primary isolation used various media including m-endo, membrane lauryl sulfate broth, tergitol TTC agar, Colilert-18, ChromoCult, and ColiScan.
  • Isolates were categorized based on isolation method: lactose fermentation or beta-d-galactosidase production.

Main Results:

  • Both lactose fermentation and beta-d-galactosidase methods recovered a broad spectrum of coliform genera.
  • There was significant overlap in the coliform genera identified by both method types.
  • Novel coliforms, such as Raoutella spp., were recovered by both approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Both lactose fermentation and beta-d-galactosidase methods are effective in recovering diverse coliform organisms.
  • The study refutes claims that only lactose fermentation methods detect significant public health or regulatory coliforms.
  • Increased coliform recovery with beta-d-galactosidase methods is not solely due to detecting more novel coliforms.