Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

GPR146 in adipose tissue drives adipose-liver crosstalk and promotes hepatic steatosis in mice.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Chromatin regulator SMARCAL1 modulates cellular lipid metabolism.

Communications biology·2023
Same author

Cell-specific transcriptional control of mitochondrial metabolism by TIF1γ drives erythropoiesis.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2021
Same author

Fattening chips: hypertrophy, feeding, and fasting of human white adipocytes <i>in vitro</i>.

Lab on a chip·2020
Same author

Inducers of the endothelial cell barrier identified through chemogenomic screening in genome-edited hPSC-endothelial cells.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2020
Same author

Allele-specific open chromatin in human iPSC neurons elucidates functional disease variants.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2020
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
12:13

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: August 23, 2014

Genome modification in human embryonic stem cells.

Toyoaki Tenzen1, Filip Zembowicz, Chad A Cowan

  • 1Stowers Medical Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. totenzen@gmail.com

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|October 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers patient-specific cells but viral methods pose risks. Safer, non-viral genome manipulation techniques are crucial for advancing regenerative medicine applications of iPSCs.

More Related Videos

Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing
09:03

Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing

Published on: May 10, 2020

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:24

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 5, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
12:13

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: August 23, 2014

Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing
09:03

Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing

Published on: May 10, 2020

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:24

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 5, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology is a key method for generating patient-specific stem cells.
  • Current reprogramming often uses viral vectors, posing risks like tumorigenicity and altered differentiation potential.
  • Safer iPSC generation is needed for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in human genome manipulation for safer iPSC generation.
  • To discuss improvements in homologous recombination for gene targeting in iPSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on non-viral iPSC generation techniques.
  • Summary of progress in genome editing and homologous recombination strategies.
  • Focus on minimizing genomic alterations for enhanced safety.

Main Results:

  • Development of non-integrating and non-viral reprogramming methods.
  • Progress in precise genome editing for therapeutic gene correction.
  • Improved efficiency in homologous recombination for targeted gene modification.

Conclusions:

  • Non-viral genome manipulation offers safer alternatives for iPSC generation.
  • Advancements in homologous recombination are vital for gene therapy applications.
  • Further research is needed to optimize these techniques for clinical translation.