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Related Experiment Videos

Coupling in cytochrome c oxidase.

R J Kessler, G A Blondin, H Vande Zander

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |September 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cytochrome c oxidase separates into electron and ionophore transfer complexes. Coupling involves their interaction, with the ionophore transfer complex mediating cation transport and enabling respiratory control.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Membrane Protein Function

    Background:

    • Cytochrome c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c: oxygen oxidoreductase; EC 1.9.3.1) is crucial for cellular respiration.
    • This enzyme comprises distinct functional complexes: an electron transfer complex (ETC) and an ionophore transfer complex (ITC).
    • The interaction between these complexes is essential for efficient energy transduction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the functional roles of the ETC and ITC in cytochrome c oxidase.
    • To investigate the mechanism of coupling between electron transfer and ion transport.
    • To explore methods for inducing respiratory control by manipulating the ITC.

    Main Methods:

    • Resolution of cytochrome c oxidase into ETC and ITC components.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Incorporation of cytochrome oxidase into liposomes and mitochondrial lipid vesicles.
  • Chemical and enzymatic treatments (e.g., tryptic digestion) to extract and characterize ionophoroproteins.
  • Assessment of cation transport and respiratory control.

    • Main Results:

    • The ITC mediates cyclical cation transport, essential for coupling with the ETC.
    • Respiratory control is induced when cytochrome oxidase is incorporated into mitochondrial lipid vesicles, suppressing ITC activity.
    • Ionophoroproteins, comprising up to 50% of cytochrome oxidase, can be extracted and their ionophore-releasing degradation products identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Cytochrome c oxidase possesses a duplex structure facilitating electron and ion transport coupling.
    • The ITC's cation transport activity is critical for enzyme function and can be modulated to induce respiratory control.
    • The ionophoroproteins of the ITC are integral to its function and can be biochemically manipulated.