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Related Concept Videos

Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers01:22

Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers

α-Adrenergic antagonists, known as α-blockers, exert their effects by inhibiting α-adrenoceptors, leading to specific physiological actions. α1-blockers and α2-blockers have distinct pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications.
α1-blockers: These drugs inhibit α1-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation lowers blood pressure, making α1-blockers valuable in treating hypertension. Additionally, α1-blockers effectively address urinary obstruction...
Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of ɑ-Receptor Blockers01:17

Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of ɑ-Receptor Blockers

Adrenergic antagonists, or sympatholytics, inhibit adrenoceptor activation driven by catecholamines or agonists. Based on their adrenoceptor specificity, adrenergic blockers can be categorized into two primary groups: α-adrenergic blockers (α-blockers) and β-adrenergic blockers (β-blockers). α-blockers interact with α1 and α2 subtypes of α-adrenoceptors.
Nonselective α-blockers: Nonselective α-blockers contain haloalkylamine or imidazoline moieties. Phenoxybenzamine, with a haloalkylamine...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions01:27

Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions

Phase I biotransformation reductive reactions are chemical processes that modify drugs by introducing or revealing polar functional groups via reduction. Enzymes called reductases catalyze these reactions, playing a pivotal role in drug metabolism by transforming lipophilic drugs into more polar, water-soluble metabolites for easy excretion. An essential type of reductive reaction is the carbonyl group reduction, where aldehydes and ketones are reduced to alcohols. An example is the...
Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype01:31

Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype

Adrenoceptors are classified into α and ꞵ classes based on their potencies to catecholamine agonists. α-adrenoceptors show the following order of catecholamine potency:
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase C—inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

An overview on 5alpha-reductase inhibitors.

Saurabh Aggarwal1, Suresh Thareja, Abhilasha Verma

  • 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India. aggarwalsau@gmail.com

Steroids
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatments include 5alpha-reductase inhibitors that block testosterone conversion. These drugs, like Finasteride and Dutasteride, effectively reduce prostate size and dihydrotestosterone levels.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pharmacology
  • Androgen Biology

Background:

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition causing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to prostate gland enlargement.
  • Prevalence increases with age, affecting approximately 70% of men by 70 years old.
  • Elevated dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, driven by 5alpha-reductase activity, are central to BPH pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review all categories of 5alpha-reductase inhibitors for BPH treatment.
  • To discuss steroidal and non-steroidal inhibitors targeting testosterone to DHT conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on 5alpha-reductase inhibitors.
  • Analysis of steroidal inhibitors (Finasteride, Dutasteride) and non-steroidal compounds.
  • Examination of their mechanisms of action and efficacy in reducing DHT and prostate size.

Main Results:

  • Finasteride, a steroidal inhibitor, reduces prostatic DHT by 70-90% and prostate size.
  • Dutasteride, a dual inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase isozymes, reduces DHT levels by over 90%.
  • Development of various non-steroidal 5alpha-reductase inhibitors has also been explored.

Conclusions:

  • 5alpha-reductase inhibitors are a logical therapeutic strategy for BPH.
  • Both steroidal and non-steroidal inhibitors offer effective means to suppress androgen action in the prostate.
  • Continued research into novel inhibitors aims to improve BPH management.