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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry
10:58

Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 5, 2019

CD57+ T lymphocytes and functional immune deficiency.

Daniele Focosi1, Marco Bestagno, Oscar Burrone

  • 1Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, via Roma, Pisa, Italy. dfocosi@tin.it

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

CD57 expression on T cells marks cellular aging. This marker is increasingly used to assess immune deficiency in autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancer patients.

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Isolation of CD4+ T-cells and Analysis of Circulating T-follicular Helper (cTfh) Cell Subsets from Peripheral Blood Using 6-color Flow Cytometry
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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Published on: June 22, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

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10:58

Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 5, 2019

Isolation of CD4+ T-cells and Analysis of Circulating T-follicular Helper (cTfh) Cell Subsets from Peripheral Blood Using 6-color Flow Cytometry
07:39

Isolation of CD4+ T-cells and Analysis of Circulating T-follicular Helper (cTfh) Cell Subsets from Peripheral Blood Using 6-color Flow Cytometry

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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Published on: June 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • CD57 expression on T lymphocytes is a well-established marker for in vitro replicative senescence.
  • Recent research highlights its potential beyond senescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on CD57(+) T cells.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of CD57 expression as a marker of immune deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating CD57 expression on T lymphocytes.
  • Analysis of evidence linking CD57 expression to functional immune status.

Main Results:

  • CD57 expression signifies replicative senescence in T cells.
  • Evidence supports CD57 as a marker for immune deficiency in various clinical conditions.

Conclusions:

  • CD57(+) T cells are valuable indicators of immune dysfunction.
  • The utility of CD57 as a clinical biomarker warrants further investigation.