Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 19, 2026
08:26
Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Published on: January 11, 2016
Unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia
J D Vagh1, Ajit Gadekar, Amit Agrawal
1Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, Meghe, Wardha, India.
The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
|November 3, 2009
Summary
Unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia is a rare brain malformation. A 7-year-old boy with this condition recovered from trauma-induced symptoms with conservative care, suggesting the hypoplasia itself was not the primary cause of his signs.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Developmental Biology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia is an uncommon congenital brain malformation characterized by incomplete development of one cerebellar hemisphere.
- Cerebellar hypoplasia can present with a range of neurological deficits, varying in severity depending on the extent of malformation.
Observation:
- A 7-year-old male presented with acute onset of cerebellar signs following a fall.
- Initial neuroimaging suggested the presence of unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia.
- The patient's clinical presentation was initially attributed to the traumatic event.
Findings:
- The patient experienced significant improvement in cerebellar signs with conservative management.
- The rapid recovery suggested that the presenting symptoms were primarily trauma-related rather than a direct consequence of the underlying cerebellar hypoplasia.
- This case highlights the importance of differentiating between congenital malformations and acquired neurological deficits.
Implications:
- Conservative management may be effective for cerebellar signs in patients with unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia if symptoms are trauma-induced.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial to avoid misattributing acute neurological deficits to chronic malformations.
- Further research into the functional impact of unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia and its interaction with acute injuries is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions
The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
01:30Neurulation
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
01:22Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
01:28Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...
01:21Huntington Disease l: Introduction
Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
01:19Cerebral Edema l: Introduction
Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...