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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

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The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
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¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...

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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Published on: August 2, 2019

Compact phase-stable design for single- and double-quantum two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy.

Alexandra Nemeth1, Jaroslaw Sperling, Jürgen Hauer

  • 1Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Optics Letters
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a compact setup for passive phase stabilization in two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy. This method simplifies alignment and enables precise measurement of molecular coherences.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing ultrafast dynamics in molecular systems.
  • Achieving passive phase stabilization is crucial for high-fidelity measurements but presents significant technical challenges.
  • Existing methods often require complex active feedback loops or specialized optical components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel, compact, and passively phase-stabilized optical setup for 2D electronic spectroscopy.
  • To demonstrate the capability of this setup to record spectra in multiple phase-matching geometries.
  • To present representative 2D electronic spectra of a molecular aggregate.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a diffractive optical element for passive phase stabilization.
  • Employed refractive optics for precise control of pulse delays.
  • Ensured common optical path for all interacting pulses to minimize phase drift.
  • Implemented the boxcar geometry for spectral acquisition.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a compact and easily alignable 2D electronic spectroscopy setup.
  • Demonstrated passive phase stabilization without active feedback mechanisms.
  • Recorded 2D electronic spectra in three distinct phase-matching directions.
  • Presented spectra clearly correlating single- and double-quantum coherences in a molecular aggregate.

Conclusions:

  • The reported setup offers a simplified and robust approach to phase-stabilized 2D electronic spectroscopy.
  • Passive phase stabilization using diffractive and refractive optics is effective for high-resolution measurements.
  • This technique facilitates the detailed study of quantum coherences in molecular systems.