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Related Concept Videos

Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Rat Model of Compound Acne
03:10

A Rat Model of Compound Acne

Published on: November 1, 2024

Giant cutaneous horn.

Kumaresan M1, Pramod Kumar, Manohar Varadharaj Pai

  • 1Department of Dermatology and STD, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India. dr_kumaresh@yahoo.co.in

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A giant cutaneous horn on the leg, a rare skin condition, was successfully removed surgically. Histopathology confirmed it was associated with seborrheic keratosis, highlighting diverse underlying causes for this horn.

Keywords:
Cutaneous horngiantseborrheic keratosis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Cutaneous horns are hard, conical projections on the skin.
  • They can arise from various underlying skin conditions, both benign and malignant.
  • Giant cutaneous horns are particularly rare and require prompt evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of a giant cutaneous horn on the leg.
  • To describe the successful surgical management of this condition.
  • To discuss the histopathological findings and differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • A 53-year-old male patient presented with a giant cutaneous horn.
  • The lesion was surgically excised under spinal anesthesia.
  • Primary closure of the resulting wound was performed.

Main Results:

  • Histopathological examination revealed an underlying seborrheic keratosis.
  • The surgical excision and wound closure were successful.
  • The patient experienced a favorable outcome post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Giant cutaneous horns can be associated with benign conditions like seborrheic keratosis.
  • Surgical excision is an effective treatment for cutaneous horns.
  • Accurate histopathological diagnosis is crucial for determining the underlying etiology.