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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

Chemotherapy induced nail changes.

Aashima Gupta1, Ankit Parakh, Anand Prakash Dubey

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi - 110002, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anticancer chemotherapy can cause nail changes in children. This study highlights two pediatric cases with distinct nail alterations despite similar antineoplastic drug regimens.

Keywords:
Anticancer drugchromonychialeukonychia

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Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
07:42

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Published on: April 26, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
07:42

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Published on: April 26, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Anticancer chemotherapy is known to induce various nail changes.
  • Nail abnormalities are a common side effect of antineoplastic treatments.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present two pediatric cases of chemotherapy-induced nail changes.
  • To illustrate the diversity of nail alterations that can occur.
  • To discuss the potential relationship between antineoplastic drugs and nail toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two children undergoing chemotherapy.
  • Observation and documentation of nail changes.
  • Review of their antineoplastic drug regimens.

Main Results:

  • Two children developed different nail changes.
  • The patients received similar antineoplastic drugs.
  • The specific nail alterations observed were distinct in each case.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy can lead to varied nail changes in pediatric patients.
  • Similar drug regimens may result in different nail toxicities.
  • Further investigation into drug-specific nail side effects is warranted.