Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Optical Photothermal Infrared-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (OPTIR-FISH)
Published on: February 23, 2024
Ecophysiological analysis of microorganisms in complex microbial systems by combination of fluorescence in situ
Jeppe Lund Nielsen1, Caroline Kragelund, Per Halkjaer Nielsen
1Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Abstract:
Ecophysiological analysis and functions of single cells in complex microbial systems can be examined by simple combinations of Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for identification with various staining techniques targeting functional phenotypes. In this chapter, we describe methods and protocols optimized for the study of extracellular enzymes, surface hydrophobicity and specific surface structures. Although primarily applied to the study of microbes in wastewater treatment (activated sludge and biofilms), the methods may also be used with minor modifications in several other ecosystems.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Methods to Assess Microbial Populations
FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization
Immunofluorescence Microscopy
The...
Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology
Special Staining Techniques
Protein Dynamics in Living Cells
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...

