Varicella endotheliitis: a case report

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Diseases
• Virology

Background:

• Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus.
• Ocular complications of varicella are rare but can be severe, affecting various parts of the eye.

Observation:

• An 18-year-old male presented with acute varicella infection.
• The patient developed photophobia and significantly reduced vision in his left eye.
• Clinical examination revealed disciform corneal endotheliitis as the cause of visual impairment.

Findings:

• Combined antiviral and corticosteroid therapy was initiated for the varicella endotheliitis.
• The ocular symptoms and signs, including corneal inflammation, resolved completely.
• A minor sequela of small sectoral iris atrophy was noted post-treatment.

Implications:

• This case highlights varicella endotheliitis as a rare but treatable ocular manifestation of varicella.
• Early diagnosis and aggressive management with antiviral and corticosteroid medications are crucial for favorable visual outcomes.
• Understanding such rare presentations is important for ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists managing varicella patients.