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Protective effect of Solanum torvum on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Mahalaxmi Mohan1, Sarika Kamble, Prakash Gadhi

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, MGV's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nashik 422 003, Maharashtra, India. mm_nasik@yahoo.co.in

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
|November 4, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Solanum torvum extract significantly protected against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. It reduced kidney damage markers and enhanced antioxidant enzymes, suggesting a protective role.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology
  • Natural Product Research

Background:

  • Nephrotoxicity is a significant adverse effect of anthracycline antibiotics like doxorubicin.
  • Oxidative stress is a primary mechanism underlying doxorubicin-induced kidney damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective potential of Solanum torvum against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
  • To evaluate the biochemical and histopathological effects of Solanum torvum in mitigating kidney damage.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were administered doxorubicin (DOX) alone or in combination with varying doses of Solanum torvum extract.
  • Nephrotoxicity was assessed by measuring serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels.
  • Kidney tissue antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were quantified. Histopathological examination of kidney tissues was performed.

Main Results:

  • Solanum torvum treatment significantly reduced elevated serum creatinine and BUN levels caused by doxorubicin.
  • The extract significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT in kidney tissues.
  • Histopathological analysis revealed that Solanum torvum reversed doxorubicin-induced kidney damage, including tubular necrosis and glomerular congestion.

Conclusions:

  • Solanum torvum exhibits significant nephroprotective effects against doxorubicin-induced kidney injury in rats.
  • The protective mechanism likely involves the mitigation of oxidative stress and enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defenses.
  • Solanum torvum demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for preventing doxorubicin-related nephrotoxicity.

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