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Published on: January 7, 2018
Proteomic analysis in ob/ob mice before and after hypoglycemic polysaccharide treatments
Sang Woo Kim1, Hye Jin Hwang, Yu Mi Baek
1Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk 712-714, Korea.
Abstract:
In an attempt to discover novel biomarker proteins in type 2 diabetes prognosis, we investigated the influence of hypoglycemic extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) obtained from the macrofungus Tremella fuciformis on the differential levels of plasma proteins in ob/ob mice using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The 2-DE analysis demonstrated that 92 spots from about 900 visualized spots were differentially regulated, of which 40 spots were identified as principal diabetes-associated proteins. By comparing control with EPS-fed mice, we found that at least six proteins were significantly altered in ob/ob mice, including Apo A-I, IV, C-III, E, retinol-binding protein 4, and transferrin, and their levels were interestingly normalized after EPS treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that the altered levels of the two regulatory molecules highlighted in diabetes and obesity (e.g., resistin and adiponectin) were also normalized in response to EPS. The Mouse Diabetes PCR Array profiles showed that the expression of 84 genes related to the onset, development, and progression of diabetes were significantly downregulated in liver, adipocyte, and muscle of ob/ob mice. EPS might act as a potent regulator of gene expression for a wide variety of genes in ob/ob mice, particularly in obesity, insulin resistance, and complications from diabetes mellitus.
Insights
Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from Tremella fuciformis normalized key diabetes-associated proteins and gene expression in obese mice. This suggests EPS may be a potent therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes and its complications.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Mycology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder with significant global health implications.
- Identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes prognosis is crucial.
- Obese mouse models (ob/ob) are valuable for studying diabetes pathogenesis and evaluating potential treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of hypoglycemic extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from Tremella fuciformis on plasma protein levels in ob/ob mice.
- To identify potential protein biomarkers associated with type 2 diabetes prognosis.
- To explore the regulatory role of EPS in gene expression related to diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to analyze differential plasma protein expression.
- Western blot analysis to confirm the levels of specific regulatory molecules.
- Mouse Diabetes PCR Array to assess gene expression profiles in liver, adipocyte, and muscle tissues.
Main Results:
- 2-DE identified 92 differentially regulated protein spots, with 40 identified as principal diabetes-associated proteins.
- EPS treatment normalized the levels of six significantly altered proteins, including apolipoproteins (A-I, IV, C-III, E), retinol-binding protein 4, and transferrin.
- EPS normalized altered levels of resistin and adiponectin, key molecules in diabetes and obesity.
- Mouse Diabetes PCR Array revealed significant downregulation of 84 diabetes-related genes in ob/ob mice treated with EPS.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from Tremella fuciformis demonstrate a significant impact on normalizing protein and gene expression profiles in an obese mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
- EPS may act as a potent regulator of gene expression, offering potential therapeutic benefits for obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus complications.
- The identified differentially regulated proteins hold promise as novel biomarkers for type 2 diabetes prognosis.
