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Related Concept Videos

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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A Three-dimensional Tissue Culture Model to Study Primary Human Bone Marrow and its Malignancies
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Primary bone lymphoma.

Sharathkumar Bhagavathi, Kai Fu

    Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    |November 6, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Primary bone diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PBDLBCLs) are rare but treatable. Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy offer a good prognosis for patients presenting with bone pain or fractures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Hematology
    • Orthopedic Oncology

    Background:

    • Primary bone lymphomas are rare, unlike secondary bone marrow involvement in systemic lymphomas.
    • Primary bone diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PBDLBCLs) are the most common type, with other subtypes occurring infrequently.
    • PBDLBCL predominantly affects middle-aged to elderly males, presenting with bone pain, masses, fractures, or neurological symptoms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of primary bone lymphomas.
    • To differentiate PBDLBCL from other bone pathologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of literature on primary bone lymphomas.
    • Morphological analysis of PBDLBCL.
    • Discussion of differential diagnoses and treatment modalities.

    Main Results:

    • PBDLBCL commonly occurs in the bone metaphysis.
    • Morphologically, it presents as a polymorphous mixture of lymphoid cells.
    • Differential diagnoses include osteomyelitis, sarcomas, and metastatic cancers.

    Conclusions:

    • PBDLBCL is a distinct entity requiring accurate diagnosis.
    • Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy yield a favorable prognosis.
    • Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.