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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar fascia...
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

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The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
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Hip adductor muscle function in forward skating.

Ryan Chang1, Rene Turcotte, David Pearsall

  • 1Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA.

Sports Biomechanics
|November 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ice hockey players experience more adductor strains at higher speeds. Increased skating velocity significantly elevates adductor magnus muscle activation and eccentric contractions, potentially increasing groin injury risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Adductor strain injuries are common in ice hockey.
  • Speculation suggests eccentric contractions during leg deceleration cause these strains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the link between skating speed, muscle activity, and lower limb kinematics.
  • Focus on the role of hip adductors in ice hockey skating.

Main Methods:

  • Measured surface electromyography (EMG) and lower extremity kinematics in seven collegiate ice hockey players.
  • Recorded data at three skating velocities: 3.33 m/s (slow), 5.00 m/s (medium), and 6.66 m/s (fast).

Main Results:

  • Adductor magnus showed disproportionately larger peak activation and prolonged activation with increased speed.
  • Stride rate and length increased significantly with speed, while joint range of motion remained constant.
  • Increased hip abduction rate correlated with adductor magnus activation, indicating significant eccentric contraction.

Conclusions:

  • Hip adductors and hip abduction-adduction are functionally crucial for skating performance.
  • Findings indirectly support the hypothesis that groin strain injury risk escalates with skating speed.