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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
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Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

Targeting low HDL-cholesterol to decrease residual cardiovascular risk in the managed care setting.

Mark J Cziraky1, Karol E Watson, Robert L Talbert

  • 1HealthCore Inc., Wilmington, Delaware, USA.

Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy : JMCP
|November 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treating high triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) alongside low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is crucial for reducing residual cardiovascular risk. Combination therapy, particularly niacin extended-release with statins, shows promise for cost-effective management.

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High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay
07:08

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay

Published on: September 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Clinicians prioritize lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • While statins effectively lower LDL-C, residual CVD risk persists due to factors like low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglycerides (TG).
  • Current therapies often fail to adequately address these residual risk factors, necessitating broader treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the benefits of managing lipid profiles beyond LDL-C levels.
  • To explore strategies for improving patient health outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with cardiovascular risk.
  • To assess the role of combination therapies in achieving optimal lipid values (OLVs).

Main Methods:

  • Review of large clinical trials and meta-analyses on lipid-lowering therapies.
  • Analysis of epidemiologic data linking lipid fractions to cardiovascular risk.
  • Pharmacoeconomic modeling to assess the cost-effectiveness of achieving OLVs with different treatment regimens.
  • Evaluation of niacin and fibrate therapies as adjuncts to statins.

Main Results:

  • Statin therapy significantly reduces LDL-C and cardiovascular events but does not eliminate residual risk.
  • Low HDL-C and high TG are independent predictors of residual cardiovascular risk.
  • Combination therapy, specifically niacin/statin, demonstrates potential for improving lipid profiles and reducing risk.
  • Pharmacoeconomic models suggest niacin ER/simvastatin combination therapy is cost-effective in achieving OLVs.

Conclusions:

  • Managing lipid parameters beyond LDL-C, including TG and HDL-C, is essential for comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction.
  • Niacin is effective in raising HDL-C and, when combined with statins, offers a promising approach to managing atherogenic lipid abnormalities.
  • Combination therapy, particularly niacin ER/statin, may lead to cost-effective achievement of OLVs in high-risk populations, thereby reducing overall healthcare costs.