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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue
08:12

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue

Published on: May 5, 2022

HHMD: the human histone modification database.

Yan Zhang1, Jie Lv, Hongbo Liu

  • 1College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|November 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Human Histone Modification Database (HHMD) offers a centralized resource for human histone modification data. This database aids researchers in exploring histone modifications and their links to human diseases like cancer.

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Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis

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Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays
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Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue
08:12

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue

Published on: May 5, 2022

Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis
11:02

Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis

Published on: May 17, 2016

Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays
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Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays

Published on: August 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Histone modifications are crucial for gene regulation and cellular processes.
  • Aberrant histone modifications are implicated in human diseases, particularly cancer.
  • Existing data on histone modifications is fragmented, hindering comprehensive analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive, centralized database for human histone modifications.
  • To facilitate the storage, integration, and retrieval of experimental histone modification data.
  • To provide tools for visualizing and analyzing histone modification patterns in human cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Human Histone Modification Database (HHMD).
  • Integration of experimental histone modification datasets, including 43 location-specific modifications.
  • Implementation of flexible search functionalities (by modification, gene ID, location, cancer type).
  • Inclusion of a visualization tool, HisModView, for genome-wide mapping.

Main Results:

  • HHMD provides a comprehensive repository for human histone modification data.
  • The database supports diverse search queries for efficient data extraction.
  • HisModView enables intuitive visualization of histone modification landscapes.
  • Manually curated data on histone modification dysregulation in nine human cancers is included.

Conclusions:

  • HHMD serves as a valuable resource for researchers studying histone modifications.
  • The database facilitates novel biological discoveries by integrating and visualizing histone modification data.
  • HHMD supports the investigation of histone modification roles in human diseases, especially cancer.